The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.
A newer edition of this document exists here

NAME

termios.h - define values for termios

SYNOPSIS

#include <termios.h>

DESCRIPTION

The <termios.h> header contains the definitions used by the terminal I/O interfaces (see General Terminal Interface for the structures and names defined).

The termios Structure

The following data types shall be defined through typedef:

cc_t
Used for terminal special characters.
speed_t
Used for terminal baud rates.
tcflag_t
Used for terminal modes.

The above types shall be all unsigned integer types.

The implementation shall support one or more programming environments in which the widths of cc_t, speed_t, and tcflag_t are no greater than the width of type long. The names of these programming environments can be obtained using the confstr() function or the getconf utility.

The termios structure shall be defined, and shall include at least the following members:

tcflag_t  c_iflag     Input modes. 
tcflag_t  c_oflag     Output modes. 
tcflag_t  c_cflag     Control modes. 
tcflag_t  c_lflag     Local modes. 
cc_t      c_cc[NCCS]  Control characters. 

A definition shall be provided for:

NCCS
Size of the array c_cc for control characters.

The following subscript names for the array c_cc shall be defined:

Subscript Usage

 

Canonical Mode

Non-Canonical Mode

Description

VEOF

 

EOF character.

VEOL

 

EOL character.

VERASE

 

ERASE character.

VINTR

VINTR

INTR character.

VKILL

 

KILL character.

 

VMIN

MIN value.

VQUIT

VQUIT

QUIT character.

VSTART

VSTART

START character.

VSTOP

VSTOP

STOP character.

VSUSP

VSUSP

SUSP character.

 

VTIME

TIME value.

The subscript values shall be unique, except that the VMIN and VTIME subscripts may have the same values as the VEOF and VEOL subscripts, respectively.

The following flags shall be provided.

Input Modes

The c_iflag field describes the basic terminal input control:

BRKINT
Signal interrupt on break.
ICRNL
Map CR to NL on input.
IGNBRK
Ignore break condition.
IGNCR
Ignore CR.
IGNPAR
Ignore characters with parity errors.
INLCR
Map NL to CR on input.
INPCK
Enable input parity check.
ISTRIP
Strip character.
IXANY
[XSI] [Option Start] Enable any character to restart output. [Option End]
IXOFF
Enable start/stop input control.
IXON
Enable start/stop output control.
PARMRK
Mark parity errors.
Output Modes

The c_oflag field specifies the system treatment of output:

OPOST
Post-process output.
ONLCR
[XSI] [Option Start] Map NL to CR-NL on output.
OCRNL
Map CR to NL on output.
ONOCR
No CR output at column 0.
ONLRET
NL performs CR function.
OFILL
Use fill characters for delay.
NLDLY
Select newline delays:
NL0
Newline type 0.
NL1
Newline type 1.
CRDLY
Select carriage-return delays:
CR0
Carriage-return delay type 0.
CR1
Carriage-return delay type 1.
CR2
Carriage-return delay type 2.
CR3
Carriage-return delay type 3.
TABDLY
Select horizontal-tab delays:
TAB0
Horizontal-tab delay type 0.
TAB1
Horizontal-tab delay type 1.
TAB2
Horizontal-tab delay type 2.
TAB3
Expand tabs to spaces.
BSDLY
Select backspace delays:
BS0
Backspace-delay type 0.
BS1
Backspace-delay type 1.
VTDLY
Select vertical-tab delays:
VT0
Vertical-tab delay type 0.
VT1
Vertical-tab delay type 1.
FFDLY
Select form-feed delays:
FF0
Form-feed delay type 0.
FF1
Form-feed delay type 1. [Option End]
Baud Rate Selection

The input and output baud rates are stored in the termios structure. These are the valid values for objects of type speed_t. The following values shall be defined, but not all baud rates need be supported by the underlying hardware.

B0
Hang up
B50
50 baud
B75
75 baud
B110
110 baud
B134
134.5 baud
B150
150 baud
B200
200 baud
B300
300 baud
B600
600 baud
B1200
1200 baud
B1800
1800 baud
B2400
2400 baud
B4800
4800 baud
B9600
9600 baud
B19200
19200 baud
B38400
38400 baud
Control Modes

The c_cflag field describes the hardware control of the terminal; not all values specified are required to be supported by the underlying hardware:

CSIZE
Character size:
CS5
5 bits
CS6
6 bits
CS7
7 bits
CS8
8 bits
CSTOPB
Send two stop bits, else one.
CREAD
Enable receiver.
PARENB
Parity enable.
PARODD
Odd parity, else even.
HUPCL
Hang up on last close.
CLOCAL
Ignore modem status lines.

The implementation shall support the functionality associated with the symbols CS7, CS8, CSTOPB, PARODD, and PARENB.

Local Modes

The c_lflag field of the argument structure is used to control various terminal functions:

ECHO
Enable echo.
ECHOE
Echo erase character as error-correcting backspace.
ECHOK
Echo KILL.
ECHONL
Echo NL.
ICANON
Canonical input (erase and kill processing).
IEXTEN
Enable extended input character processing.
ISIG
Enable signals.
NOFLSH
Disable flush after interrupt or quit.
TOSTOP
Send SIGTTOU for background output.
Attribute Selection

The following symbolic constants for use with tcsetattr() are defined:

TCSANOW
Change attributes immediately.
TCSADRAIN
Change attributes when output has drained.
TCSAFLUSH
Change attributes when output has drained; also flush pending input.
Line Control

The following symbolic constants for use with tcflush() shall be defined:

TCIFLUSH
Flush pending input.
TCIOFLUSH
Flush both pending input and untransmitted output.
TCOFLUSH
Flush untransmitted output.

The following symbolic constants for use with tcflow() shall be defined:

TCIOFF
Transmit a STOP character, intended to suspend input data.
TCION
Transmit a START character, intended to restart input data.
TCOOFF
Suspend output.
TCOON
Restart output.

The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *);
speed_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *);
int     cfsetispeed(struct termios *, speed_t);
int     cfsetospeed(struct termios *, speed_t);
int     tcdrain(int);
int     tcflow(int, int);
int     tcflush(int, int);
int     tcgetattr(int, struct termios *);
[XSI][Option Start]
pid_t   tcgetsid(int);
[Option End]
int     tcsendbreak(int, int);
int     tcsetattr(int, int, const struct termios *);


The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE

The following names are reserved for XSI-conformant systems to use as an extension to the above; therefore strictly conforming applications shall not use them:

CBAUD

EXTB

VDSUSP

DEFECHO

FLUSHO

VLNEXT

ECHOCTL

LOBLK

VREPRINT

ECHOKE

PENDIN

VSTATUS

ECHOPRT

SWTCH

VWERASE

EXTA

VDISCARD

 

RATIONALE

None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.

SEE ALSO

The System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, cfgetispeed(), cfgetospeed(), cfsetispeed(), cfsetospeed(), confstr(), tcdrain(), tcflow(), tcflush(), tcgetattr(), tcgetsid(), tcsendbreak(), tcsetattr(), the Shell and Utilities volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, getconf, General Terminal Interface

CHANGE HISTORY

First released in Issue 3.

Included for alignment with the ISO POSIX-1 standard.

Issue 6

The LEGACY symbols IUCLC, OLCUC, and XCASE are removed.

FIPS 151-2 requirements for the symbols CS7, CS8, CSTOPB, PARODD, and PARENB are reaffirmed.

IEEE Std 1003.1-2001/Cor 1-2002, item XBD/TC1/D6/19 is applied, changing ECHOK to ECHOKE in the APPLICATION USAGE section.

End of informative text.

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