Base Definitions: Table of Contents

• 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Scope
  • 1.2 Word Usage
  • 1.3 Conformance
  • 1.4 Normative References
  • 1.5 Change History
  • 1.6 Terminology
    • can
    • implementation-defined
    • legacy
    • may
    • shall
    • should
    • undefined
    • unspecified
  • 1.7 Definitions and Concepts
  • 1.8 Portability
    • 1.8.1 Codes
    • 1.8.2 Margin Code Notation
      • A Feature Dependent on One or Two Options
      • A Feature Dependent on Either of the Options Denoted
      • A Feature Dependent on More than Two Options
      • Large Sections Dependent on an Option
    • Footnotes
• 2. Conformance
  • 2.1 Implementation Conformance
    • 2.1.1 Requirements
    • 2.1.2 Documentation
    • 2.1.3 POSIX Conformance
      • 2.1.3.1 POSIX System Interfaces
      • 2.1.3.2 POSIX Shell and Utilities
    • 2.1.4 XSI Conformance
      • 2.1.4.1 XSI System Interfaces
      • 2.1.4.2 XSI Shell and Utilities Conformance
    • 2.1.5 Option Groups
      • 2.1.5.1 Subprofiling Considerations
      • 2.1.5.2 XSI Option Groups
      • Encryption
      • Realtime
      • Advanced Realtime
      • Realtime Threads
      • Advanced Realtime Threads
    • 2.1.6 Options
      • 2.1.6.1 System Interfaces
      • 2.1.6.2 Shell and Utilities
  • 2.2 Application Conformance
    • 2.2.1 Strictly Conforming POSIX Application
    • 2.2.2 Conforming POSIX Application
      • 2.2.2.1 ISO/IEC Conforming POSIX Application
      • 2.2.2.2 <National Body> Conforming POSIX Application
    • 2.2.3 Conforming POSIX Application Using Extensions
    • 2.2.4 Strictly Conforming XSI Application
    • 2.2.5 Conforming XSI Application Using Extensions
  • 2.3 Language-Dependent Services for the C Programming Language
  • 2.4 Other Language-Related Specifications
    • Footnotes
• 3. Definitions
  • 3.1 Abortive Release
  • 3.2 Absolute Pathname
  • 3.3 Access Mode
  • 3.4 Additional File Access Control Mechanism
  • 3.5 Address Space
  • 3.6 Advisory Information
  • 3.7 Affirmative Response
  • 3.8 Alert
  • 3.9 Alert Character (<alert>)
  • 3.10 Alias Name
  • 3.11 Alignment
  • 3.12 Alternate File Access Control Mechanism
  • 3.13 Alternate Signal Stack
  • 3.14 Ancillary Data
  • 3.15 Angle Brackets
  • 3.16 Anonymous Memory Object
  • 3.17 Apostrophe Character (<apostrophe>)
  • 3.18 Application
  • 3.19 Application Address
  • 3.20 Application Program Interface (API)
  • 3.21 Appropriate Privileges
  • 3.22 Argument
  • 3.23 Arm (a Timer)
  • 3.24 Asterisk Character (<asterisk>)
  • 3.25 Async-Cancel-Safe Function
  • 3.26 Asynchronous Events
  • 3.27 Asynchronous Input and Output
  • 3.28 Async-Signal-Safe Function
  • 3.29 Asynchronously-Generated Signal
  • 3.30 Asynchronous I/O Completion
  • 3.31 Asynchronous I/O Operation
  • 3.32 Atomic Operation
  • 3.33 Authentication
  • 3.34 Authorization
  • 3.35 Background Job
  • 3.36 Background Process
  • 3.37 Background Process Group
  • 3.38 Backquote Character
  • 3.39 Backslash Character (<backslash>)
  • 3.40 Backspace Character (<backspace>)
  • 3.41 Barrier
  • 3.42 Basename
  • 3.43 Basic Regular Expression (BRE)
  • 3.44 Bind
  • 3.45 Blank Character (<blank>)
  • 3.46 Blank Line
  • 3.47 Blocked Process (or Thread)
  • 3.48 Blocking
  • 3.49 Block-Mode Terminal
  • 3.50 Block Special File
  • 3.51 Braces
  • 3.52 Brackets
  • 3.53 Broadcast
  • 3.54 Built-In Utility (or Built-In)
  • 3.55 Byte
  • 3.56 Byte Input/Output Functions
  • 3.57 Carriage-Return Character (<carriage-return>)
  • 3.58 Character
  • 3.59 Character Array
  • 3.60 Character Class
  • 3.61 Character Set
  • 3.62 Character Special File
  • 3.63 Character String
  • 3.64 Child Process
  • 3.65 Circumflex Character (<circumflex>)
  • 3.66 Clock
  • 3.67 Clock Jump
  • 3.68 Clock Tick
  • 3.69 Code Block
  • 3.70 Coded Character Set
  • 3.71 Codeset
  • 3.72 Collating Element
  • 3.73 Collation
  • 3.74 Collation Sequence
  • 3.75 Column Position
  • 3.76 Command
  • 3.77 Command Language Interpreter
  • 3.78 Composite Graphic Symbol
  • 3.79 Condition Variable
  • 3.80 Connected Socket
  • 3.81 Connection
  • 3.82 Connection Mode
  • 3.83 Connectionless Mode
  • 3.84 Control Character
  • 3.85 Control Operator
  • 3.86 Controlling Process
  • 3.87 Controlling Terminal
  • 3.88 Conversion Descriptor
  • 3.89 Core Image
  • 3.90 CPU Time (Execution Time)
  • 3.91 CPU-Time Clock
  • 3.92 CPU-Time Timer
  • 3.93 Current Job
  • 3.94 Current Working Directory
  • 3.95 Cursor Position
  • 3.96 Datagram
  • 3.97 Data Race
  • 3.98 Data Segment
  • 3.99 Decimal-Point Character
  • 3.100 Declaration Utility
  • 3.101 Device
  • 3.102 Device ID
  • 3.103 Directory
  • 3.104 Directory Entry (or Hard Link)
  • 3.105 Directory Stream
  • 3.106 Disarm (a Timer)
  • 3.107 Display
  • 3.108 Display Line
  • 3.109 Dollar-Sign Character (<dollar-sign>)
  • 3.110 Dot
  • 3.111 Dot-Dot
  • 3.112 Dot-Po File
  • 3.113 Double-Quote Character
  • 3.114 Downshifting
  • 3.115 Driver
  • 3.116 Effective Group ID
  • 3.117 Effective User ID
  • 3.118 Eight-Bit Transparency
  • 3.119 Empty Directory
  • 3.120 Empty Line
  • 3.121 Empty String (or Null String)
  • 3.122 Empty Wide-Character String
  • 3.123 Encoding Rule
  • 3.124 Entire Regular Expression
  • 3.125 Epoch
  • 3.126 Equivalence Class
  • 3.127 Era
  • 3.128 Event Management
  • 3.129 Executable File
  • 3.130 Execute
  • 3.131 Execution Time
  • 3.132 Execution Time Monitoring
  • 3.133 Expand
  • 3.134 Extended Regular Expression (ERE)
  • 3.135 Extended Security Controls
  • 3.136 Feature Test Macro
  • 3.137 Field
  • 3.138 FIFO Special File (or FIFO)
  • 3.139 File
  • 3.140 File Description
  • 3.141 File Descriptor
  • 3.142 File Group Class
  • 3.143 File Lock
  • 3.144 File Mode
  • 3.145 File Mode Bits
  • 3.146 Filename
  • 3.147 Filename String
  • 3.148 File Offset
  • 3.149 File Other Class
  • 3.150 File Owner Class
  • 3.151 File Permission Bits
  • 3.152 File Serial Number
  • 3.153 File System
  • 3.154 File Type
  • 3.155 Filter
  • 3.156 First Open (of a File)
  • 3.157 Flow Control
  • 3.158 Foreground Job
  • 3.159 Foreground Process
  • 3.160 Foreground Process Group
  • 3.161 Foreground Process Group ID
  • 3.162 Form-Feed Character (<form-feed>)
  • 3.163 Graphic Character
  • 3.164 Group Database
  • 3.165 Group ID
  • 3.166 Group Name
  • 3.167 Hard Limit
  • 3.168 Hard Link
  • 3.169 Hole
  • 3.170 Home Directory
  • 3.171 Host Byte Order
  • 3.172 Incomplete Line
  • 3.173 Inf
  • 3.174 Interactive Device
  • 3.175 Interactive Shell
  • 3.176 Internationalization
  • 3.177 Interprocess Communication
  • 3.178 Intrinsic Utility
  • 3.179 Invoke
  • 3.180 Job
  • 3.181 Job Control
  • 3.182 Job ID
  • 3.183 Joinable Thread
  • 3.184 Last Close (of a File)
  • 3.185 Line
  • 3.186 Linger
  • 3.187 Link
  • 3.188 Link Count
  • 3.189 Live Process
  • 3.190 Live Thread
  • 3.191 Local Customs
  • 3.192 Local Interprocess Communication (Local IPC)
  • 3.193 Locale
  • 3.194 Localization
  • 3.195 Lock-Free Operation
  • 3.196 Login
  • 3.197 Login Name
  • 3.198 Map
  • 3.199 Matched
  • 3.200 Memory Mapped Files
  • 3.201 Memory Object
  • 3.202 Memory-Resident
  • 3.203 Message
  • 3.204 Message Catalog
  • 3.205 Message Catalog Descriptor
  • 3.206 Message Queue
  • 3.207 Messages Object
  • 3.208 Mode
  • 3.209 Monotonic Clock
  • 3.210 Mount Point
  • 3.211 Multi-Character Collating Element
  • 3.212 Multi-Threaded Library
  • 3.213 Multi-Threaded Process
  • 3.214 Multi-Threaded Program
  • 3.215 Mutex
  • 3.216 Name
  • 3.217 NaN (Not a Number)
  • 3.218 Native Language
  • 3.219 Negative
  • 3.220 Negative Response
  • 3.221 Network
  • 3.222 Network Address
  • 3.223 Network Byte Order
  • 3.224 Newline Character (<newline>)
  • 3.225 Nice Value
  • 3.226 Non-Blocking
  • 3.227 Non-Spacing Characters
  • 3.228 NUL
  • 3.229 Null Byte
  • 3.230 Null Pointer
  • 3.231 Null String
  • 3.232 Null Terminator
  • 3.233 Null Wide-Character Code
  • 3.234 Number-Sign Character (<number-sign>)
  • 3.235 Object File
  • 3.236 Octet
  • 3.237 OFD-Owned File Lock
  • 3.238 Offset Maximum
  • 3.239 Opaque Address
  • 3.240 Open File
  • 3.241 Open File Description
  • 3.242 Operand
  • 3.243 Operator
  • 3.244 Option
  • 3.245 Option-Argument
  • 3.246 Orientation
  • 3.247 Orphaned Process Group
  • 3.248 Page
  • 3.249 Page Size
  • 3.250 Parameter
  • 3.251 Parent Directory
  • 3.252 Parent Process
  • 3.253 Parent Process ID
  • 3.254 Pathname
  • 3.255 Pathname Component
  • 3.256 Path Prefix
  • 3.257 Pattern
  • 3.258 Period Character (<period>)
  • 3.259 Permissions
  • 3.260 Persistence
  • 3.261 Pipe
  • 3.262 Polling
  • 3.263 Portable Character Set
  • 3.264 Portable Filename
  • 3.265 Portable Filename Character Set
  • 3.266 Portable Messages Object Source File (or Dot-Po File)
  • 3.267 Positional Parameter
  • 3.268 Positive
  • 3.269 Preallocation
  • 3.270 Preempted Process (or Thread)
  • 3.271 Previous Job
  • 3.272 Printable Character
  • 3.273 Printable File
  • 3.274 Priority
  • 3.275 Priority Inversion
  • 3.276 Priority Scheduling
  • 3.277 Priority-Based Scheduling
  • 3.278 Privilege
  • 3.279 Process
  • 3.280 Process Group
  • 3.281 Process Group ID
  • 3.282 Process Group Leader
  • 3.283 Process Group Lifetime
  • 3.284 Process ID
  • 3.285 Process Lifetime
  • 3.286 Process Memory Locking
  • 3.287 Process Termination
  • 3.288 Process Virtual Time
  • 3.289 Process-Owned File Lock
  • 3.290 Process-To-Process Communication
  • 3.291 Program
  • 3.292 Protocol
  • 3.293 Pseudo-Terminal
  • 3.294 Radix Character (or Decimal-Point Character)
  • 3.295 Read-Only File System
  • 3.296 Read-Write Lock
  • 3.297 Real Group ID
  • 3.298 Real Time
  • 3.299 Realtime Signal Extension
  • 3.300 Real User ID
  • 3.301 Record
  • 3.302 Record Lock
  • 3.303 Redirection
  • 3.304 Redirection Operator
  • 3.305 Referenced Shared Memory Object
  • 3.306 Refresh
  • 3.307 Regular Built-In Utility (or Regular Built-In)
  • 3.308 Regular Expression
  • 3.309 Region
  • 3.310 Regular File
  • 3.311 Relative Pathname
  • 3.312 Relocatable File
  • 3.313 Relocation
  • 3.314 (Time) Resolution
  • 3.315 Robust Mutex
  • 3.316 Root Directory
  • 3.317 Runnable Process (or Thread)
  • 3.318 Running Process (or Thread)
  • 3.319 Saved Resource Limits
  • 3.320 Saved Set-Group-ID
  • 3.321 Saved Set-User-ID
  • 3.322 Scheduling
  • 3.323 Scheduling Allocation Domain
  • 3.324 Scheduling Contention Scope
  • 3.325 Scheduling Policy
  • 3.326 Screen
  • 3.327 Scroll
  • 3.328 Semaphore
  • 3.329 Session
  • 3.330 Session Leader
  • 3.331 Session Lifetime
  • 3.332 Shared Memory Object
  • 3.333 Shell
  • 3.334 Shell, the
  • 3.335 Shell Script
  • 3.336 Signal
  • 3.337 Signal Stack
  • 3.338 Single-Quote Character
  • 3.339 Single-Threaded Process
  • 3.340 Single-Threaded Program
  • 3.341 Slash Character (<slash>)
  • 3.342 Socket
  • 3.343 Socket Address
  • 3.344 Soft Limit
  • 3.345 Source Code
  • 3.346 Space Character (<space>)
  • 3.347 Sparse File
  • 3.348 Spawn
  • 3.349 Special Built-In Utility (or Special Built-In)
  • 3.350 Special Parameter
  • 3.351 Spin Lock
  • 3.352 Sporadic Server
  • 3.353 Standard Error
  • 3.354 Standard Input
  • 3.355 Standard Output
  • 3.356 Standard Utilities
  • 3.357 Stream
  • 3.358 String
  • 3.359 Subshell
  • 3.360 Successfully Transferred
  • 3.361 Supplementary Group ID
  • 3.362 Suspended Job
  • 3.363 Symbolic Constant
  • 3.364 Symbolic Link
  • 3.365 Synchronization Operation
  • 3.366 Synchronized Input and Output
  • 3.367 Synchronized I/O Completion
  • 3.368 Synchronized I/O Data Integrity Completion
  • 3.369 Synchronized I/O File Integrity Completion
  • 3.370 Synchronized I/O Operation
  • 3.371 Synchronous I/O Operation
  • 3.372 Synchronously-Generated Signal
  • 3.373 System
  • 3.374 System Boot
  • 3.375 System Clock
  • 3.376 System Console
  • 3.377 System Crash
  • 3.378 System Databases
  • 3.379 System Documentation
  • 3.380 System Process
  • 3.381 System Reboot
  • 3.382 System-Wide
  • 3.383 Tab Character (<tab>)
  • 3.384 Terminal (or Terminal Device)
  • 3.385 Text Column
  • 3.386 Text Domain
  • 3.387 Text File
  • 3.388 Thread
  • 3.389 Thread ID
  • 3.390 Thread Lifetime
  • 3.391 Thread List
  • 3.392 Thread Termination
  • 3.393 Thread-Safe
  • 3.394 Thread-Specific Data Key
  • 3.395 Tilde Character (<tilde>)
  • 3.396 Timeouts
  • 3.397 Timer
  • 3.398 Timer Overrun
  • 3.399 Token
  • 3.400 Typed Memory Name Space
  • 3.401 Typed Memory Object
  • 3.402 Typed Memory Pool
  • 3.403 Typed Memory Port
  • 3.404 Unbind
  • 3.405 Unit Data
  • 3.406 Upshifting
  • 3.407 User Database
  • 3.408 User ID
  • 3.409 User Name
  • 3.410 Utility
  • 3.411 Variable
  • 3.412 Vertical-Tab Character (<vertical-tab>)
  • 3.413 White Space
  • 3.414 White-Space Byte
  • 3.415 White-Space Character
  • 3.416 White-Space Wide Character
  • 3.417 Wide-Character Code (C Language)
  • 3.418 Wide-Character Input/Output Functions
  • 3.419 Wide-Character String
  • 3.420 Word
  • 3.421 Working Directory (or Current Working Directory)
  • 3.422 Worldwide Portability Interface
  • 3.423 Write
  • 3.424 XSI
  • 3.425 XSI-Conformant
  • 3.426 Zombie Process
  • 3.427 Zombie Thread
  • 3.428 ±0
• 4. General Concepts
  • 4.1 Case Insensitive Comparisons
  • 4.2 Concurrent Execution
  • 4.3 Default Initialization
  • 4.4 Directory Operations
  • 4.5 Directory Protection
  • 4.6 Extended Security Controls
  • 4.7 File Access Permissions
  • 4.8 File Hierarchy
  • 4.9 Filenames
  • 4.10 Filename Portability
  • 4.11 File System Cache
  • 4.12 File Times Update
  • 4.13 Host and Network Byte Orders
  • 4.14 Measurement of Execution Time
  • 4.15 Memory Ordering and Synchronization
    • 4.15.1 Memory Ordering
      • 4.15.1.1 Data Races
      • 4.15.1.2 Memory Order and Consistency
    • 4.15.2 Memory Synchronization
  • 4.16 Pathname Resolution
  • 4.17 Process ID Reuse
  • 4.18 Scheduling Policy
  • 4.19 Seconds Since the Epoch
  • 4.20 Semaphore
    • Semaphore Lock Operation
    • Semaphore Unlock Operation
  • 4.21 Special Device Drivers
  • 4.22 Thread-Safety
  • 4.23 Treatment of Error Conditions for Mathematical Functions
    • 4.23.1 Domain Error
    • 4.23.2 Pole Error
    • 4.23.3 Range Error
      • 4.23.3.1 Result Overflows
      • 4.23.3.2 Result Underflows
  • 4.24 Treatment of NaN Arguments for the Mathematical Functions
  • 4.25 Utility
  • 4.26 Variable Assignment
    • Footnotes
• 5. File Format Notation
  • Examples
• 6. Character Set
  • 6.1 Portable Character Set
  • 6.2 Character Encoding
  • 6.3 C Language Wide-Character Codes
  • 6.4 Character Set Description File
    • Example
    • 6.4.1 State-Dependent Character Encodings
• 7. Locale
  • 7.1 General
  • 7.2 POSIX Locale
  • 7.3 Locale Definition
    • 7.3.1 LC_CTYPE
      • 7.3.1.1 LC_CTYPE Category in the POSIX Locale
    • 7.3.2 LC_COLLATE
      • 7.3.2.1 The collating-element Keyword
      • 7.3.2.2 The collating-symbol Keyword
      • 7.3.2.3 The order_start Keyword
      • 7.3.2.4 Collation Order
      • 7.3.2.5 The order_end Keyword
      • 7.3.2.6 LC_COLLATE Category in the POSIX Locale
    • 7.3.3 LC_MONETARY
      • 7.3.3.1 LC_MONETARY Category in the POSIX Locale
    • 7.3.4 LC_NUMERIC
      • 7.3.4.1 LC_NUMERIC Category in the POSIX Locale
    • 7.3.5 LC_TIME
      • 7.3.5.1 LC_TIME Locale Definition
      • 7.3.5.2 LC_TIME C-Language Access
      • 7.3.5.3 LC_TIME Category in the POSIX Locale
    • 7.3.6 LC_MESSAGES
      • 7.3.6.1 LC_MESSAGES Category in the POSIX Locale
  • 7.4 Locale Definition Grammar
    • 7.4.1 Locale Lexical Conventions
    • 7.4.2 Locale Grammar
• 8. Environment Variables
  • 8.1 Environment Variable Definition
  • 8.2 Internationalization Variables
  • 8.3 Other Environment Variables
• 9. Regular Expressions
  • 9.1 Regular Expression Definitions
    • entire regular expression
    • escape sequence
    • leftmost
    • matched
    • BRE (ERE) matching a single character
    • BRE (ERE) matching multiple characters
    • invalid
  • 9.2 Regular Expression General Requirements
  • 9.3 Basic Regular Expressions
    • 9.3.1 BREs Matching a Single Character or Collating Element
    • 9.3.2 BRE Ordinary Characters
    • 9.3.3 BRE Special Characters
    • 9.3.4 Periods in BREs
    • 9.3.5 RE Bracket Expression
    • 9.3.6 BREs Matching Multiple Characters
    • 9.3.7 BRE Precedence
    • 9.3.8 BRE Expression Anchoring
  • 9.4 Extended Regular Expressions
    • 9.4.1 EREs Matching a Single Character or Collating Element
    • 9.4.2 ERE Ordinary Characters
    • 9.4.3 ERE Special Characters
    • 9.4.4 Periods in EREs
    • 9.4.5 ERE Bracket Expression
    • 9.4.6 EREs Matching Multiple Characters
    • 9.4.7 ERE Alternation
    • 9.4.8 ERE Precedence
    • 9.4.9 ERE Expression Anchoring
  • 9.5 Regular Expression Grammar
    • 9.5.1 BRE/ERE Grammar Lexical Conventions
    • 9.5.2 RE and Bracket Expression Grammar
    • 9.5.3 ERE Grammar
• 10. Directory Structure and Devices
  • 10.1 Directory Structure and Files
  • 10.2 Output Devices and Terminal Types
• 11. General Terminal Interface
  • 11.1 Interface Characteristics
    • 11.1.1 Opening a Terminal Device File
    • 11.1.2 Process Groups
    • 11.1.3 The Controlling Terminal
    • 11.1.4 Terminal Access Control
    • 11.1.5 Input Processing and Reading Data
    • 11.1.6 Canonical Mode Input Processing
    • 11.1.7 Non-Canonical Mode Input Processing
      • Case A: MIN>0, TIME>0
      • Case B: MIN>0, TIME=0
      • Case C: MIN=0, TIME>0
      • Case D: MIN=0, TIME=0
    • 11.1.8 Writing Data and Output Processing
    • 11.1.9 Special Characters
    • 11.1.10 Modem Disconnect
    • 11.1.11 Closing a Terminal Device File
  • 11.2 Parameters that Can be Set
    • 11.2.1 The termios Structure
    • 11.2.2 Input Modes
    • 11.2.3 Output Modes
    • 11.2.4 Control Modes
    • 11.2.5 Local Modes
    • 11.2.6 Special Control Characters
• 12. Utility Conventions
  • 12.1 Utility Argument Syntax
  • 12.2 Utility Syntax Guidelines
• 13. Namespace and Future Directions
• 14. Headers
  • Format of Entries
  • <aio.h>
  • <arpa/inet.h>
  • <assert.h>
  • <complex.h>
  • <cpio.h>
  • <ctype.h>
  • <devctl.h>
  • <dirent.h>
  • <dlfcn.h>
  • <endian.h>
  • <errno.h>
  • <fcntl.h>
  • <fenv.h>
  • <float.h>
  • <fmtmsg.h>
  • <fnmatch.h>
  • <ftw.h>
  • <glob.h>
  • <grp.h>
  • <iconv.h>
  • <inttypes.h>
  • <iso646.h>
  • <langinfo.h>
  • <libgen.h>
  • <libintl.h>
  • <limits.h>
  • <locale.h>
  • <math.h>
  • <monetary.h>
  • <mqueue.h>
  • <ndbm.h>
  • <net/if.h>
  • <netdb.h>
  • <netinet/in.h>
  • <netinet/tcp.h>
  • <nl_types.h>
  • <poll.h>
  • <pthread.h>
  • <pwd.h>
  • <regex.h>
  • <sched.h>
  • <search.h>
  • <semaphore.h>
  • <setjmp.h>
  • <signal.h>
  • <spawn.h>
  • <stdalign.h>
  • <stdarg.h>
  • <stdatomic.h>
  • <stdbool.h>
  • <stddef.h>
  • <stdint.h>
  • <stdio.h>
  • <stdlib.h>
  • <stdnoreturn.h>
  • <string.h>
  • <strings.h>
  • <sys/ipc.h>
  • <sys/mman.h>
  • <sys/msg.h>
  • <sys/resource.h>
  • <sys/select.h>
  • <sys/sem.h>
  • <sys/shm.h>
  • <sys/socket.h>
  • <sys/stat.h>
  • <sys/statvfs.h>
  • <sys/time.h>
  • <sys/times.h>
  • <sys/types.h>
  • <sys/uio.h>
  • <sys/un.h>
  • <sys/utsname.h>
  • <sys/wait.h>
  • <syslog.h>
  • <tar.h>
  • <termios.h>
  • <tgmath.h>
  • <threads.h>
  • <time.h>
  • <uchar.h>
  • <unistd.h>
  • <utmpx.h>
  • <wchar.h>
  • <wctype.h>
  • <wordexp.h>